Describe the five factors that lead to non-ideal behavior in gases and relate these to the two most common models for real gases
Key Points
The Ideal Gas Law is a convenient approximation of most gas-phase reactions, but does not always sufficiently describe real gases near the condensation point, near the critical point, or at high pressures.
Two common models for real gases are the van der Waals model and the Redlich-Kwong model.
The deviation of a real gas from ideality can be quantified using the compressibility factor, Z.
Terms
critical pointthe temperature and pressure above which liquid and gas phases become indistinguishable; 臨界点以上では、物質は液体でも気体でもなく、「超臨界流体」として存在する